항생제
Itraconazole

Itraconazole

Spectrum Of Activity

General Information

  • Aspergillosis, invasive
  • Blastomycosis
  • Candidiasis of the esophagus
  • Candidiasis of the esophagus - HIV infection
  • Histoplasmosis, disseminated
  • HIV infection - oropharyngeal candidiasis
  • Onychomycosis due to dermatophyte
  • Oropharyngeal candidiasis
  • Pulmonary histoplasmosis

Black Box Warning: Itraconazole can cause or exacerbate congestive heart failure (CHF). Itraconazole oral capsules and tablets should not be administered for the treatment of onychomycosis in patients with evidence of ventricular dysfunction such as congestive heart failure (CHF).

Monitor liver function tests; signs and symptoms of peripheral neuropathy.

Evaluate signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF), especially in patients with preexisting risk factors.

Obtain fungal cultures prior to initiation.

Common

  • Edema
  • Hypertension
  • Pruritus
  • Rash
  • GI upset
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Rhinitis
  • Sinusitis
  • Upper respiratory infection
  • Fatigue
  • Fever

Serious

  • Congestive heart failure
  • Pancreatitis
  • Hepatotoxicity
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Peripheral nerve disease
  • Hearing loss
  • Pulmonary edema

Contraindications:

  • CYP3A4 inducers and inhibitors
  • CYP2D6 inhibitors
  • Ergot alkaloids
  • QT interval prolonging drugs

Multiple drug-drug interactions

Antimicrobial class: Antifungal, Triazole

Pregnancy category: C

Average serum half life: 16-28 hours (single dose), 34-42 hours (repeated dosing)

Precautions: Discontinuation may be warranted if increased risk of CHF with ischemic and valvular disease, pulmonary disease, renal failure, or edematous disorders.

Not recommended in patients with hepatic impairment and those at risk of systemic candidiasis.

Discontinue use if neuropathy or hepatotoxicity occurs.

Avoid use in geriatric patients unless benefit outweighs risk.