항생제
Adefovir dipivoxil

Adefovir dipivoxil

Spectrum Of Activity

General Information

Type B viral hepatitis, chronic.

Black Box Warning: Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis may occur in patients who discontinue adefovir dipivoxil. Chronic use of adefovir dipivoxil may result in nephrotoxicity in patients at risk of or having underlying renal dysfunction; therefore, monitor renal function closely in these patients. Emergence of HIV resistance may occur in chronic hepatitis B patients with unrecognized or untreated HIV infection who are treated with adefovir dipivoxil. Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogs.

Perform HIV antibody testing in all patients prior to therapy.

Monitor AST/ALT, HBV envelope antigen, HBV surface antigen, and HBV DNA levels every 3 months for first year of therapy and annually thereafter during treatment.

Monitor renal function prior to initiation and during therapy.

Monitor hepatic function closely for clinical and laboratory signs of hepatitis exacerbation at repeated intervals for at least several months in patients who discontinue therapy.

Common

  • Asthenia

Severe

  • Stevens-Johnson syndrome
  • Toxic epidermal necrolysis
  • Hypophosphatemia
  • Lactic acidosis
  • Pancreatitis
  • Hepatomegaly (with steatosis)
  • Nephrotoxicity
  • Renal failure
  • Nitisinone
  • Dichlorphenamide

Antimicrobial class: Antiviral agent, Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Pregnancy category: C

Average serum half life: 7.5 hours

Precautions: Clinical resistance may occur leading to viral load rebound, HBV exacerbation, and subsequent hepatic decompensation; monitoring of HBV DNA recommended. Nephrotoxicity may occur, especially in patients at risk for or with underlying renal dysfunction (CrCl <50 mL/min) and those taking concomitant nephrotoxic agents; monitoring and dose adjustments recommended. Discontinue if lactic acidosis or severe hepatomegaly with steatosis.