항생제
Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Spectrum Of Activity

General Information

Treatment for HIV infection, and used as part of a 3-drug combination regimen.

Monitor viral load prior to initiation or modification of treatment.

Monitor CD4 cell counts prior to initiation or with modification of ARV treatment and every 3-6 months; thereafter during at least the first 2 years of treatment.

Monitor hepatitis B screening at baseline and with modification of ARV treatment.

Monitor hyperglycemia and new onset or worsening diabetes mellitus during treatment for all patients.

Monitor ALT,AST, and total bilirubin.

Common

  • Diarrhea
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Headache

Serious

  • Atrioventricular block
  • Torsades de pointes
  • Prolonged QT interval
  • Erythema multiforme
  • Stevens-Johnson syndrome
  • Toxic epidermal necrolysis
  • Pancreatitis
  • Hypercholesterolemia
  • Hypertriglyceridemia
  • Hepatoxicity
  • Elevated liver enzymes
  • CNS depression
  • Respiratory depression

Multiple drug-drug interactions

  • CYP3A4 inhibitors
  • QT interval prolonging drugs
  • Ergot derivatives

Antimicrobial class: Antiretroviral agent, Protease inhibitor

Pregnancy category: C

Average serum half life: 3.67-6.1 hours

Precautions: Avoid use in patients with congenital long QT syndrome or hypokalemia. Avoid use with QT interval-prolonging drugs.

Large elevations of triglycerides and cholesterol has been reported; monitoring recommended. Consider monitoring for hyperglycemia and new onset or exacerbation of diabetes mellitus.

Use of the oral solution in preterm neonates in the immediate postnatal period is not recommended due to potential adverse effects caused by propylene glycol accumulation.