Treatment for HIV infection.
Black Box Warning: Abacavir is contraindicated in patients with a prior hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir and in HLA-B5701-positive patients. Screening for the HLA-B5701 allele is required prior to abacavir initiation and when reinitiating therapy in patients with an unknown HLA-B*5701 status who have previously tolerated abacavir. Discontinue abacavir and do not restart if a hypersensitivity reaction is suspected or cannot be ruled out.
Test HLA-B*5701 before use to reduce risk of hypersensitivity reaction.
Monitor viral load (plasma HIV-RNA) prior to initiation or modification of treatment.
Monitor CD4 cell counts prior to initiation or with modification of ARV treatment and every 3-6 months; thereafter during at least the first 2 years of treatment.
Monitor hepatitis B screening at baseline and with modification of ARV treatment.
Perform hepatitis C antibody testing prior to initiation or modification of ARV treatment.
Monitor ALT, AST, and total bilirubin at baseline and with modification of ARV treatment.
Common
Serious
Antimicrobial class: Antiretroviral agent, Nucleoside reverse transcriptatse inhibitor
Pregnancy category: C
Average serum half life: 1.2-1.5 hours
Urine penetration: 81% changed, 1.2% unchanged
CSF penetration: Therapeutic
Precautions: Consider underlying risk of coronary heart disease and minimize modifiable risks (e.g. hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking).
Discontinue if lactic acidosis or severe hepatomegaly with steatosis are suspected.
Dose adjustment necessary in mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh score 5 to 6).
항생제
