항생제
Lamivudine

Lamivudine

Spectrum Of Activity

General Information

HIV infection Type B viral hepatitis (chronic)

Black Box Warning: Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B have been reported in patients who are co-infected with HBV and HIV-1 and have discontinued lamivudine. Hepatic function should be monitored closely with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months. If appropriate, initiation of anti-hepatitis B therapy may be warranted.

Obtain AST/ALT, hepatitis B envelope antigen, hepatitis B surface antigen, HBV DNA levels every 3 months for the 1 year of therapy and annually thereafter during treatment. Following treatment discontinuation monitor every 3 months for 1 year then annually thereafter.

Monitor hepatitis B screening at baseline and with modification of ARV treatment.

Perform hepatitis C antibody testing prior to initiation or modification of ARV treatment.

Monitor viral load prior to initiation or modification of treatment.

Monitor CD4 cell counts prior to initiation or with modification of ARV treatment and every 3-6 months; thereafter during at least the first 2 years of treatment.

Common

  • Diarrhea
  • Nausea
  • Headache
  • Fever
  • Malaise, fatigue
  • Cough
  • Nasal symptom

Serious

  • Lactic acidosis
  • Pancreatitis
  • Hepatomegaly
  • Trimethoprim
  • Sorbitol
  • Horsetail
  • Cabotegravir
  • Orlistat

Antimicrobial class: Antiretroviral agent, Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Pregnancy category: C

Average serum half life: 5-7 hours

Precautions: Suspend therapy if lactic acidosis or pronounced hepatotoxicity even in the absence of marked transaminase elevations.

Discontinue in pediatric patients if clinical symptoms or laboratory abnormalities suggestive of pancreatitis occur.

Tablet is preferred formulation for HIV-1-infected patients who weigh 14 kg or greater; consider monitoring HIV-1 viral load more frequently in patients taking oral solution.