Antimicrobials
Acyclovir

Acyclovir

None
Moderate
IV: $$ Oral: $

Spectrum of Activity

Dosing

General Information

Therapy for herpes viral infections (HSV and VZV) including encephalitis. Not for CMV (cytomegalovirus)

Prophylaxis of herpes viral infections if recurrent disease or immunocompromised.

Follow serum creatinine and monitor for neurotoxicity.

  • GI upset

  • Phlebitis with IV

  • Increased creatinine from crystal nephropathy; pre-hydration may limit kidney injury

  • Neurotoxicity: hallucinations, delusions, involuntary movements

Mycophenolate can increase acyclovir concentration

May diminish efficacy of zoster or varicella vaccine

For oral indications, valacyclovir is the pro-drug, which is more bioavailable with more convenient dosing.

Antimicrobial class: Antiviral. Nucleoside analogue.

Pregnancy category: B

Average serum half life: 3 hours

CSF penetration: Therapeutic (IV only)