Therapy for herpes viral infections (HSV and VZV) including encephalitis. Not for CMV (cytomegalovirus)
Prophylaxis of herpes viral infections if recurrent disease or immunocompromised.
Follow serum creatinine and monitor for neurotoxicity.
GI upset
Phlebitis with IV
Increased creatinine from crystal nephropathy; pre-hydration may limit kidney injury
Neurotoxicity: hallucinations, delusions, involuntary movements
Mycophenolate can increase acyclovir concentration
May diminish efficacy of zoster or varicella vaccine
For oral indications, valacyclovir is the pro-drug, which is more bioavailable with more convenient dosing.
Antimicrobial class: Antiviral. Nucleoside analogue.
Pregnancy category: B
Average serum half life: 3 hours
CSF penetration: Therapeutic (IV only)