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Antimicrobials
Nitrofurantoin

Nitrofurantoin

Low
Good (70 to 90%)
$ (<$25/day)

Dosing

General Information

  • Sings of pulmonary reaction

  • Numbness or tingling of extremities

  • CBCs

  • LFTs

  • Renal function

  • Drug-induced liver injury

  • Interstitial pneumonitis and fibrosis, especially with prolonged use

  • Peripheral neuropathy

Macrobid

  • Absorption: 
    • Well absorbed
    • Macrocrystalline form absorbed more slowly due to slower dissolution (causes less GI distress)
  • Distribution: Vd: 0.8 L/kg
  • Protein Binding: 60% to 90%
  • Metabolism: Body tissues (except plasma) metabolize 60% of drug to inactive metabolites
  • Bioavailability: Increased with food by ~40%
  • Half-Life Elimination: 
    • 20-60 minutes
    • Prolonged with renal impairment
  • Excretion: Urine (20% to 25% as unchanged drug)