Penetrates into most tissues and body fluids including urinary tract, peritoneal fluid, bone, bile, lung, bronchial mucosa, muscle tissue, heart valves (Craig 1997; Nicolau 2008), and CSF (CSF penetration: Neonates and infants ≤3 months of age: 70%)
Vd in adults: 15 to 20 L
Protein Binding: ~2%
Metabolism:
Hepatic
Hydrolysis of beta-lactam bond to open beta-lactam form
Half-Life Elimination: 1 hour
Time to Peak:
Tissue: ~1 hour following infusion except in bile, lung, and muscle
CSF: 2 to 3 hours with inflamed meninges
Excretion:
Urine (~70% as unchanged drug; ~28% inactive metabolite)
Antimicrobials
