Antimicrobials
Nitrofurantoin

Nitrofurantoin

Low
Good (70 to 90%)
$ (<$25/day)

Spectrum of Activity

Dosing

General Information

  • Sings of pulmonary reaction
  • Numbness or tingling of extremities
  • CBCs
  • LFTs
  • Renal function
  • Drug-induced liver injury
  • Interstitial pneumonitis and fibrosis, especially with prolonged use
  • Peripheral neuropathy

Macrobid

  • Absorption: Well absorbed; macrocrystalline form absorbed more slowly due to slower dissolution (causes less GI distress)
  • Distribution: Vd: 0.8 L/kg
  • Protein binding: 60% to 90%
  • Metabolism: Body tissues (except plasma) metabolize 60% of drug to inactive metabolites
  • Bioavailability: Increased with food by ~40%
  • Half-life elimination: 20 to 60 minutes; prolonged with renal impairment
  • Excretion: Urine (20% to 25% as unchanged drug)