Guidelines
Antibiogram Info

Antibiogram Info

Oak Valley Antibiograms

Link to most recent OVH antibiograms

Overall there were no significant changes in the antibiogram from 2021 to 2022.

Gram Negative bacteria:

  • Escherichia coli remains the most common gram negative bacteria isolated across all specimens (makes up 65%). Of all E.coli isolated, 12% are ESBL (extended-spectrum beta-lactamase)
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa rates remain stable and makes up 8% of all gram negative bacteria isolates across all specimens. Therefore, please keep in mind when selecting empiric antibiotics to provide Pseudomonas aeruginosa coverage only if patient has risk factors.
  • There is a general trend towards decreasing Ciprofloxacin sensitivities in gram negative isolates (mainly for E. Coli)

Gram Positive bacteria:

  • MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) rates remain stable and makes up 10% of all Staphyloccocus aureus blood isolates and 14% of all Staphylococcus aureus isolates across all specimens

Summary of Recommendations:

Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)

Recommendation:

  • Nitrofurantoin remains as first-line empiric option for uncomplicated UTI/cystitis
  • Ciprofloxacin should NOT be used due to poor sensitivities shown in antibiogram

Alternative Options: Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and Cephalexin (to replace previously recommended amoxicillin-clavulanate as empiric alternative for uncomplicated UTI/cystitis).

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections (SSTI) – Mild to Moderate

Recommendation:

  • Cefazolin/Cephalexin remains as first-line empiric options
  • Clindamycin should NOT be used due to poor sensitivities shown in antibiogram

Alternative Options: Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole is a good alternative if the patient has a true beta-lactam allergy or when there are risk factors for MRSA

Intra-abdominal Infections

Recommendation:

  • Cefazolin (if uncomplicated) or Ceftriaxone (if risk factors for complications) + Metronidazole
  • Ciprofloxacin should NOT be used due to poor sensitivities shown in antibiogram

Alternative Options: Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (to replace previously recommended ciprofloxacin as empiric alternative) + Metronidazole

Other Antibiograms

Public Health Ontario maintains an Ontario Antibiogram which displays provincial and regional (by Local Health Integration Network) antibiogram data