Firstline - Clinical Decisions

Biliary Infections

Biliary Infections

Enteric Gram Negatives

Escherichia coli

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Klebsiella oxytoca

Others

Anaerobes

Bacteroides fragilis

Peptostreptococcus

Risk Factors

Bile duct to bowel anastomosis or fistula is present
Gas evident in biliary tree
Evidence of gangrenous or perforated gallbladder

If Recent Surgery

Staphylococcus aureus

Pseudomonas aeruginosa