Droplet initially for most infections. May be able to transition to Standard Precautions after 24-48 hr of effective therapy.
Small gram negative bacillus, encapsulated or not (not=non-typeable).
Normal respiratory flora.
Invasive disease sharply declined after Hib conjugate vaccine widely used, especially in children <5 yrs old who were the main victims.
Most invasive disease is now caused by non-typable strains.
Colonizer of the upper respiratory tract
May cause invasive disease including:
Meningitis
Pneumonia/empyema
Bacteremia
Epiglottitis
MSK infection
Others